Occupational stress in Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Occupational stress in Nursing - Essay Example It is important to note that nursing is one of the crucial subjects of the occupational stress studies. A large number of studies have been conducted to understand and bring to knowledge the reasons resulting in the causation of stress and the factors that can help lower the possibility of presence of these stress inducers. The present paper considers the contribution of some recently published papers to the growing body of knowledge on the subject of stress at work place. The paper examines the complex issue of stress from different important facets and presents a constructive criticism of the research done on the topic in view. We shall focus our attention to the recently published important scientific studies that have contributed to the understanding of occupational stress in nursing. Our objective is to analyze the studies as per their level of relevance and objectivity of application to the subject. One such important study was performed by Stordeur and experts (2001). They worked to characterize the presence of stress based on the severity of its induction. Thus, the severity of stress induction has been ranked as the amount of workload, disharmony with other colleagues (nurses, physicians), lack of completeness in knowledge and thus possible blurring of the tasks required to be performed or goal expected to be achieved. A ranking was also given to the head nurse who is responsible to closely monitor the performance of the staff members to locate the spot of deficiency in service provision and thereby plan and implement corrective measures for better and more competent performance. However, in additio n to the identification of the sources of stress inducers, it is also important to distinguish between the factors that are probably responsible to results in emotional exhaustion and job disengagement. It should be noted that this important feature was not included in the studies and research performed by Stondeur and his colleagues. Demerouti (2000) made an address to this feature in his article. The published paper adds to the knowledge the facts not presented by Stordeur' in his article on occupational stress. Sirkka Billeter-Koponen Hfa (2005) and colleagues in a qualitative interview studied about nurses' experiences of long-term stress, burnout, and patient-nurse relations. The objective behind this study was to obtain an in-depth knowledge about the mechanism of long-lasting stress and burnout induction in the nurses. The focus of research was held on professionalism and patient-nurse relations. In order to analyze the open interviews, the Grounded Theory methodology was used. The participants selected for the study were 10 nurses belonging to the age group of 36 to 61 years. The nurses were holding their professional status in different care

English literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

English literature - Essay Example In addition, they all point out that she lastly leaves the home although different argument are provided for the reasons she leaves and the manner in which she does so. The first theme statement that shows a summary of the story ‘A visit of Charity’ is the one depicting the ability to tell a person charitable efforts through the manner in which they treat those who are tetchy or bizarre. The second is that although the young individuals may involve into actions of charity, in most cases they are self-absorbed. In the story ‘The Man in the Well’ by Sher, it is evident that most children and adults cannot see into their psychological reality. This is illustrated when the children are unable to view down the well and, similarly, the man could not see them. In my opinion, this points out the inability of understanding oneself in both adults and children. The discernment of authenticity is likened to an unfathomable well that is deep within each

Attempts to Connect in Joyce Carol Oates Shopping Essay -- Joyce Caro

Attempts to Connect in Shopping Although Shopping, written by Joyce Carol Oates, is fiction, the story portrays a relationship that represents many parents and children have in real life.   The child is growing up and wants to spread her wings.   However, the parent usually does not want to let go.   Arguments and the awkward silences are frequent. The seemingly useless attempts to connect with the son or daughter are also frequent.   Yet, what the child does not realize is that no matter how old she may get, she is still the parent s child.   The mother is not going to forget how precious her little baby is, yet that is what the mother does in this story.   Oates uses references to pregnancy to portray the relationship between mother and daughter.   Mrs. Dietrich remembers what it was like to have her little baby.   Through shopping, she tries to relate to her teenage daughter in the same cherished way.      Ã‚  Ã‚   The story is quickly introduced with the line,   An old ritual.   Saturdaymorning shopping  Ã‚   (833).   The story takes place when Nola, 17, visits home during spring break to see friends and to shop with her mother, Mrs. Dietrich, 47.  Ã‚   Though 40 years separate the two, Mrs. Dietrich strives to connect with her daughter through this shopping trip.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nola does not complain because to her, shopping is   like coming home  Ã‚   (835).   However, a connection does not happen because of a lack of communication.   During the trip, Mrs. Dietrich tries to bring up a topic to talk about but when she tries, she stops and says,   They ve been through that before .  Ã‚   This happens several times during the story.   For example, when Mrs. Dietrich is tempted to ask what Nola is thinking she stops and has to resist the temptation to do so.   Mrs. ... ...versation.   Instead, she did not say anything because   she knows not to argue  Ã‚   (836). Another opportunity is when Nola lets her mother know about her intention to go to Paris for a semester.   Instead of asking why Nola wants to go or what she plans on doing there, Mrs. Dietrich seems to dismiss the subject.   Mrs. Dietrich would rather talk about it some other time   (840).  Ã‚   Again, an opportunity to relieve the tension is lost.      Ã‚  Ã‚   The story shows a relationship between a mother and a daughter through the event of shopping.   Mrs. Dietrich, a middle aged mother, longs to have that intimate relationship with her daughter, just as she did when she was pregnant.   Nola, a young teenager wanting to spread her wings, just wants her mother to let her go.   This time of their relationship is awkward for both of them but is typical for many parents and children.

Green & Co.

Company Name: Greens & Co. Research Subject: Market Research for Exporters This Case study is based on the largest and most successful supermarket chains in the UK, Greens & Co. for the purpose of doing a market research to enter the American Grocery market. I have tried to answer the given questions as I have understood the Case study and the market research strategies taken by Greens & Co. 1. Identify the types of market intelligence that Greens & Co. sed to move into the US market. Ans: In my opinion competitor intelligence used by the Greens & Co. to identify the advantages and disadvantages of their US based competitor or potential rival, McLarens before entering the US market Because, McLarens was already so successful in such a huge market. As per my understanding of the case study, the types of market intelligence that Greens and Co. used are the following: i) Forces that have an effect on the market: Greens and Co. s analysts observed the cooking and the shopping patterns of households as well as their spending and quantity patterns which cover all demographic segments and gathered required information about each family including family income, number of members of each family, employment status, group, food habits, attitude towards fast food and healthy food age for a long time. They even considered the time spent at home by each family member ii) Product specific data: Greens and Co. ’s analysts discovered that American consumers like to visit different stores for different products.So, before opening in Southern California, the company researched about both food quality and price for increased sales. They found that 46% of consumers were more prone to choose the healthier food when two equally priced food were offered to them. Some consumers were also ready to pay extra for the healthier food than the less expensive less nutritional option. iii) Market Infrastructure: The concept of a cross between convenience stores and grocery stores( Green XPress) was never a usual scenario for US consumers where the products shall be a lot less expensive than convenience store yet he environment is more customer oriented than typical grocery store. So, Greens and Co. took the initiative of introducing the GreenXPress format because they realized that this format had the potential to be successful because of it’s unique offerings. 2. What information gathered from the research influenced Greens & Co’s business decisions? Ans: The information gathered that influenced Green and Co. ’s business decisions are the following: )The most important information that influenced Green & Co’s decision to enter the US market is that their US competitor McLarens , they did not have as much presence in California as in other states, states which gave Greens & Co. an opportunity to enter the Californian market without entering into a head-on competition with McLarens. ii) They discovered that American consumers prefer healt hier food no matter the healthier versions of any product meant to be more expensive. iii) The researcher of Greens & Co. found that American consumers visit different stores for different products.This gave them an opportunity to have American’s try their brand out as well as the older brands already existing in the market and those that they are familiar with. iv)They found that there is no such presence of the concept of GreenXPress format, which is a cross between a grocery and a convenience store, which meant the products cost less than a convenience store yet the environment was more customer oriented than a normal grocery outlet. So, the introduction of such concept will be beneficial for people with both high disposable income as well as low income people. . Using the case study, formulate the research objectives for the primary/qualitative research that was conducted in American family homes. Ans: As per the case study, the research objectives were: i) To study the A merican kitchens and examining the contents of their refrigerators, as well as tracking grocery shopping frequency, spending and quantity patterns with several demographic segments. ii) To observe the food habits of the average Americans, whether they were more fast-food oriented or healthy food oriented. ii) To gather information about each family, including household income, family size and employment status to figure out whether average American families are able to buy products from the Green & Co. outlets. iv) To gather information about age group of the family members to determine whether there are more children or adults to determine the family’s tendency for fast food or healthy food and even the time spent by family members at home. 4. Was Greens & Co. pursuing exploratory, descriptive or causal research? Provide examples from the case study to support your response. Ans: In my opinion, Greens & Co. as pursuing more of an exploratory research design as the research t hat they made were based on observation, pulling out primary data about American consumers and executive interviews. The research they made were exploratory in nature, providing a picture of the market which included the potential market size and purchasing or shopping frequency. The analysts of Greens & Co. spent a lot of time analyzing the refrigerator contents, the family income, the employment status, the age group of family members, the time that the family members are present at home, the food habits etc. hich all suggest that in these pieces of information they were actually exploring the American families to gain insights so that they can be successful in the US market. 5. The retail grocery and consumables market is probably one of the most concentrated in the US. What sort of research was covered prior to the move into the American grocery market? Ans: Prior to the move into a huge market like US the Greens & Co. had conducted research based on competitive intelligence and then competitor intelligence.They found that their biggest competitor McLarens did not have that hold in California as strong as in the other states of US which provoked them to enter the US market by starting at California while escaping a strong competition. They gathered information about the different groups of people with different income levels. Not only that they also gathered some very important information from interviewing competitor’s executives and also conducted a survey including 200 shoppers to see the correlation that both food quality and price resulted in increased sales.The most important thing they found in US that there is no such concept of a cross between a grocery and a convenience store, which means the products will cost less than a convenience store yet the environment will be more customer oriented than a normal grocery outlet. So, it can be said that they have mainly conducted exploratory research and some sort of causal research before entering the US market. Sources: Course Documents, PPT #1,#2,#3 Case study material (Assignment #01) http://www. marketingprofs. com/ea/qst_question. asp? qstid=2819

Adult Separation Anxiety A Psychological Condition

Adult Separation Anxiety: A Possible Link to a Missed Step in Development DeAndre Bright Evan Smith-Finney Amber Depew Brandon Eastwood CCBC Catonsville Psychology 103 April 3, 2015 Adult Separation Anxiety Disorder Separation anxiety disorder is â€Å"a psychological condition in which an individual has excessive anxiety regarding separation from places or people to whom the individual has a strong emotional attachment† (anxietypanichealth.com 2008). Individuals with this disorder typically become debilitating distressed when they are faced with actual or perceived separation from major attachment figures. Vijaya Manicavasagar of the psychiatry research and teaching unit of Liverpool Hospital in New South Wales in Australia†¦show more content†¦ASAD and its signs, symptoms, and treatment Adult Separation Anxiety Disorder â€Å"involves excessive and often disabling distress when faced with actual or perceived separation from major attachments.†(anxietypanichealth.com, 2008). This type of anxiety usually goes undiagnosed or neglected as a diagnosis due to there not being much research being done on the disorder. Adult separation anxiety puts individuals who are left alone and cannot attach to someone are put into a state of fear and extreme anxiety. As a result they are not able to adapt to being alone. Signs and symptoms of adult separation anxiety can vary in combinations and in intensity. Adult separation anxiety disorder symptoms may include â€Å"refusal to sleep outside of the home, dependence on significant other, refusal to go to work or school because of fear of separation, extreme worry about the well-being of attachment figures, anxiety that is developmentally inappropriate regarding separation, sexual dysfunction, body function disturbances, fear, physical complaints when faced with possible separation† (Falcon 2012). As seen with other anxiety disorders, there are a number of treatments for the disorder different types and for the symptoms that are associated with them. Although with this particular disorder, there is no standard treatment for this disorder. However, there was one psychiatrist who was capable to successfully treat a case

Common French Mistake Beaucoup des

Mistakes will always be made in French, and now you can learn from them. One common beginner mistake is always using beaucoup des when expressing a large quantity. Explanation of Beaucoup des VersusBeaucoup de Beaucoup des is not always wrong—just most of the time. Like other adverbs of quantity, beaucoup is nearly always followed by de, with no article:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jai beaucoup de temps  Ã‚  Ã‚  I have a lot of time  Ã‚  Ã‚  Tu as beaucoup damis  Ã‚  Ã‚  You have many friends  Ã‚  Ã‚  Cest un dà ©tail de peu dimportance  Ã‚  Ã‚  Its a minor detail, a detail of little importanceIn the above examples, the nouns are unspecific. They refer to time, friends, and importance in general. The only time beaucoup de and the other adverbs of quantity can be followed by a definite article is when they are referring to something specific, as in these examples:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Jai achetà © une chemise dont beaucoup des boutons sà ©taient dà ©tachà ©s  Ã‚  Ã‚  I bought a shirt that a lot of the buttons had come off of  Ã‚  Ã‚  (Im talking about the specific buttons on this particular shirt)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Beaucoup des idà ©es de Jean-Luc sont intà ©ressantes  Ã‚  Ã‚  A lot of Jean-Luc s ideas are interesting  Ã‚  Ã‚  (Im not referring to ideas in general, but rather the specific ideas that Jean-Luc has)In most cases, if you can translate the French as a lot of the noun or a lot of ___s noun, you use the definite article. Otherwise, if you only say a lot of noun in English, just use de. (There are undoubtedly exceptions to this rule, but it should help you in most cases.)

Essay about Developing and Learning - Piagets and...

Introduction. In this assignment the writer will compare and contrast the theories of Piaget and Vygotsky. To begin, the writer will discuss Piagets theory of cognitive development, followed by Vygotskys theory of cognitive development. The writer will then discuss any implications of Piagets and Vygotskys models for teaching and learning in the school years. In order to do this she will compare the two theories and look at any relevant evidence and research. After comparing both theories of cognitive development, the writer will do a brief summary of the two theories. Concluding her findings and how the two theories contrast each other. Piagets Theory. Jean Piaget (1896 - 1980) looked at how children reason and think. He†¦show more content†¦Children begin to pretend play, which is when a child acts out routines, such as eating or cleaning. Children begin to think, however thinking at this stage is still different to the way that adults think. Their thinking is not very systematic or logical (Wood, 2008 P.48). Piaget stressed that during the preoperational stage, children?s abilities are limited. One limitation is the inability to take the perspective of another individual, this is known as ?egocentrism? (Smith, Cowie, Blades 2011 P.390). A child may well presume that everyone has the same knowledge as they do without taking into consideration another person?s point of view. Throughout the concrete operational stage, which occurs between seven and twelve years of age, children begin to think logically. (Wood, 2008 P.47). Children at this stage are able to think logically about the world and gain the ability to manipulate their mental representations to think and solve problems. Children in this stage have an understanding of conservation. For example, if sand was poured from a tall thin container into a short wide container, they would understand that the quantity is the same as before. The last stage is the formal operational stage, which occurs during early adolescence. This is when cognitive development reaches its peak. According to Smith (2003), Piaget believed that individuals at this stage gain the ability to ?reason hypothetically? (Smith, Cowie, Blades, 2011 P.408). Each one of theseShow MoreRelatedPiaget And Vygotsky s Theories Essay890 Words   |  4 Pagesdistinct yet, unique theories developed by Piaget and Vygotsky. These two theories are similar in various ways but also have unlike qualities, as well. Loudin (2012) suggests that even though Piaget and Vygotsky’s understanding and teaching of their theories are similar but stresses to point out that there is a distinct quality that one cannot see and wishes to share with readers. Other articles will discuss their level of understanding of either Piaget’s or Vygotsky’s theories. This paper examinesRead MoreVygotsky And Vygotsky s Impact On The Early Childhood Sector Essay1302 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay will discuss Jean Piaget, Lev Vygotsky and their theories as well as critical points from their theories and explain how they relate back to each theory. It will discuss how both of these theories can be applied to work in relation to a role in the Early Childho od sector. It will include Dr. Rangimarie Pere’s studies in education and how they compare to those of Piaget and Vygotsky. This essay will also link the chosen theories back to Te WhÄ riki and the New Zealand early childhood curriculumRead MoreDiscuss and Evaluate Vygotskys Theory of Cognitive Development966 Words   |  4 PagesDiscuss Vygotsky’s theory of cognitive development (8+16) Vygotsky proposed that children’s development is affected by their culture and social interaction. He also suggested that children are not born with knowledge but they gain it through their social interactions with peers and adults; he does not rule out the importance of biological processes but proposes an interdependent relationship between biological development alongside social activity and cultural interaction. Since language isRead MoreDiscuss Major Theories Of Human Development And Learning Essay1617 Words   |  7 PagesDiscuss major theories of human development and learning, including MÄ ori and Pasifika perspectives. This essay will discuss Jean Piaget, Lev Vygotsky and their theories as well as critical points from their theories and explain how they relate back to each theory. It will discuss how both of these theories can be applied to work in relation to a role in the Early Childhood sector. It will include Dr. Rangimarie Pere’s studies in education and how they compare to those of Piaget and Vygotsky. ThisRead MoreTheories Of Lev Vygotsky1383 Words   |  6 Pagespsychology and he emphasized that interpersonal connections and the social environment had a lot to development. He had different theories on how biosocial development is an important aspect of a child’s development. Vygotsky felt that language and play had a lot to do with childrens development because of the dialogue between those playing. Psychologist Lev Vygotsky s theory of cognitive development posits that information from the external world is transformed and internalized through language. SinceRead MoreGene ral Theorists And The General Theories Essay1556 Words   |  7 Pagesgive an overview of their theories. It will discuss two critical points and explain how these points relate to the chosen theories. It will also relate to the theorists beliefs to the role as a nanny and provide examples of how the theories apply to the development of infants, toddlers, young children and their families. This essay will briefly outline the differences between the Maori theorist and compare the general theorists and include two examples of how these theories relate to Te Whariki. Read MoreVygotsky And Vygotsky s Theory Of Choice908 Words   |  4 PagesDeveloping language becomes the avenue from which children cultivate their social-emotional cognition which allows them to have an understanding of their social world and accumulate their culture (Shulman Singleton, 2010). Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky are two well-known cognitive psychologist who each had theories regarding language development and cognition. Both Piaget and Vygotsky had similarities in their theories as well as differences between them. While they were both conveyed greatRead MoreCognitive Development Theory Essay1691 Words   |  7 PagesA. Cognitive Development Theory In a general sense the theory of cognitive development is not just a single theory but a number of theories offered by a number of cognitive psychologists over the past century. In summary though, cognitive development is the processes by which learning is developed by the construction of thought processes, memory, solving problems, decision-making and covers the life span from childhood to adulthood, but learning does not necessarily stop with adulthood. ThisRead MorePiaget Vs Vygotsky : Piaget And Vygotsky1314 Words   |  6 PagesLev Vygotsky are often considered the most influential cognitive development and learning psychologists of the 20th century. Their research efforts have inspired numerous interpretations and spawned new outlets of approaching developmental psychology. The following paragraphs will analyze the theories of Piaget of Vygotsky and discuss how their research can be used to advance the use of cognitive development in learning, both traditional and online. Summary Jean Piaget (1896-1980) theorized that childrenRead MoreVygotsky s View On The Way Children Learn And How Information Is Delivered1509 Words   |  7 Pagesof both Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s theories are applied in a classroom setting. There are several elements of the lesson plan that reflect Vygotsky’s view on the way children learn and how information is delivered. Group work and the social nature of learning is one example of how Ann’s lessons are a reflection of Vygotsky’s theory. Ann’s lessons also introduce the idea of the zone of proximal development and learning from a more knowledgeable other. The scenario also reflects Piaget’s theory about